Physics
How Semiconductor Devices Work in All Modern Electronic Appliances
There are many semiconductors, each with a specific function and varied uses. Semiconductors include diodes, transistors, capacitors, and microchips. […]
Science
Science
Structure of Silicon and Various Types of Semiconductors
There are basically two types of silicon-based semiconductors. Those that are engineered to have a few extra electrons—that’s the n-type—or a few positive holes—that’s the p-type. […]
Science
Nature of Electronic Information and How the Electronic Computer Works
The use of different materials has changed a lot from the past. Today, the use of semiconductors has expanded, especially for computers, improving the quality of human life in the process. […]
Chemistry
What are Oxidation and Reduction Reactions?
The amount of materials in nature seems to make one wonder if chemistry has a definitive end where everything is known about all materials because there’s a finite amount of them. But that, fortunately, isn’t the case. […]
Chemistry
The Quest for Synthetic Diamonds
The process of manufacturing a diamond was not fully realized for quite some time. For more than two centuries, scientists tried to figure out how to do it. The process needed what’s called phase transformation. […]
Chemistry
Phase Transformations in Crystal Structures
The universe wouldn’t be as fun as it is if it were a static place where no change occurred. One kind of change that happens a lot is phase transformation, transpiring when materials can change their structure when subjected to heat, pressure, or other factors. […]
Biology
Potential Pandemic Pathogens: Bacterial or Viral?
For a pandemic, viruses would need an enhanced capacity to transmit from human to human, or a resistance capacity to all current anti-viral medications, or worse, both. […]
Science
Pandemic Responses: Information, Prevention, and Protection
In the event of a cataclysmic pandemic, airline travel would shut down, international trade would be curtailed, and Internet access may be limited or fail. […]
Biology
Conditions Necessary for the Spread of a Pandemic
A notable epidemiology group made several pandemic predictions. Ninety percent of them believe that there will be a pandemic during our children’s or grandchildren’s lifetime. […]
Chemistry
States of Matter and the Changes in State
Matter can transform from one state to another through the application of temperature and pressure. Such changes of state are easy to illustrate on a phase diagram. […]